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From:
General der Infantrie Friedrich Ludwig, Fürst zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen
To: His Most Excellent Majesty King Willhelm of Prussia
Report
on an Action between Prussian Forces and the French Grand Army
It is my great honour to report to Your Majesty that an action took place
today between the forces that you so graciously placed under my command
and those of the Corsican Usurper, Bonaparte.
After
a relatively restless night, and mindful of Your Majestys desire
to fall upon the flank of the enemy, I issued instructions to my Army
to conduct a defensive battle on the high ground above the city of Jena.
It was my intention to pin the enemy in place ready for your Majestys
decisive blow to fall. My battle plan called for a Vanguard battle conducted
by von Tautenzeim to hold the enemy around the villages of Closewitz and
Lutzeroda. This would allow time for the remainder of my forces to form
a main battlefront along the line formed by the villages of Lehesten,
Alt Gonna, Krippendorf and Vierzehnheilg. I was confident that our men
would be able to hold back the invader until called upon to assist your
Majesty in finally destroying them.
Unfortunately my men had become somewhat scattered and confused in the
night, with many commands mixed up and units out of place. Thus, it took
some little time to restore order and to begin to implement my orders
for the days actions. While we were thus engaged, the enemy, using
the cover of the early morning mist, launched an assault. The fighting
at this early hour was particularly severe and Your Majestys Vanguard
was particularly hard pressed. Indeed, it was only the stalwart bravery
and fanatical defensive resilience of these lead Regiments that prevented
the enemy in breaking through. On several occasions our men stood their
ground against waves of cavalry, driving them back at bayonet point and
saving their comrades from envelopment, capture or death. I must commend
to Your Majesty Generalmajor von Tauentzein for his inspirational leadership
to the men under his command during these frantic opening hours.
von Tautenzeim bought the time necessary to bring the rest of my Army
into line. I arraigned the force with von Holtzendorffs command
on my left; von Grawert forming the centre and von Zeschwitz our Right
Flank. The mist gave cause to great confusion, which fortunately gave
as many problems to the enemy as it did to us. I could hear the sounds
of battle on the high ground of the Dornberg but was unable to discern
what was happening. Against the worst, I ordered Generalleutnant von Grawert
to send cavalry forward to support our gallant Vanguard in breaking free
of contact with the enemy. It was an inspirational sight, and gave much
heart to our men, to see the gallant waves of our cavalry ride against
the enemy. In this way, von Tauentzein was able to extract the greatest
part of his formation from battle and then reform them in safety in our
rear.
While battle had been building in the centre, the enemy had tried to infiltrate
his way around both of our flanks.
On the left, a full French Corps under Soult was attempting to find a
route up onto the high ground and had found a suitable road to exploit.
von Holtzendorff, mindful of my orders to guard this approach, had sent
forward some of his cavalry to guard the route. When these gallant troopers
saw Frenchmen to their front they immediately charged. Little did these
heroes realise that just beyond the crest was the whole of Soults
Corps. They crashed into the French vanguard skirmishers and sent them
hurtling back into the massed ranks of the enemy, shattering the enemys
cohesion and pride. Having found and fixed the enemy so spectacularly,
this outstanding unit proceeded to fight for its very life, there at the
head of Soults men. This action by a single Regiment held Soult
and his Corps out of the battle for several hours. Your Majesty will want
to know who these dedicated soldiers were, and it is my bitter pleasure
to inform you that these martial titans were Schimmelpfennig Hussars.
Regrettably, the unit was lost in the action, with only a few badly injured
stragglers making it back to our lines. I am sure that your Majesty will
find time to reward the survivors of this gallant action, and perhaps
ensure that the wives and children of such German heroes never want for
anything.
On the other side of the battle, the French had found another route forward
and Augereaus Corps quickly pressed forward to engage the skirmishers
that von Zeschwitz had thrown forward at my suggestion. In a series of
fiercely fought clashes amongst the thick woods and steep valleys, the
enemy Voltiguers threw our men back. Unfortunately for them, their victories
filled them with confidence and they burst from the woods around Isserstadt
in pursuit. It was there that they died, as Your Majestys cavalry
rode them down, killing huge numbers of them and putting the rest to flight.
The French cavalry that was sent forward was shattered by the combined
action of our Saxon light cavalry acting in conjunction with their Cuirassiers
comrades. So successful were they that they also managed to sabre to death
a number of French batteries before they could bring their guns into action.
By the time that Augereau was able to bring up more men our flank there
was secure and was not to be seriously threatened until much later in
the afternoon.
The enemy closed up on our main battle line by late morning and tried
to overrun us in a series of hasty and rushed attacks. Steadfastedly holding
their positions, our men repulsed wave after wave of attacks and could
have stood their til the Angels blew their trumpets for the ending
of the world, but that was not to be. Seizing an opportunity, the Corsican
gathered together a massive number of cannon, and proceeded to inflict
horrendous casualties on the gallant men in the centre of my line. At
last, unable to take any more of this horrendous punishment, these poor
lads pulled back. Fortunately I had already sensed a problem in this area
and had inveigled on von Grawert to send some cavalry to their rear to
support them. As the French gunners moved forward to exploit their success
they were charged by this cavalry and although the engagement was inconclusive
it prevented the French making any more inroads here.
On my left flank, the French General Soult finally recovered from the
debacle inflicted upon him by the gallant Schimmelpfennig Hussars and
advanced to engage von Holtzendorffs men. The French showed reckless
bravery in charging our guns, taking horrendous casualties as they did
so. They managed to force von Holtzendorffs artillerymen back, but
at the cost of many shattered and routed units. Their cavalry tried to
outflank us, making their way to our north. von Holtzendorff sent his
remaining cavalry to contest that area with them and a wild swirling cavalry
battle ensued. Although the French came out of it slightly ahead of our
men, their units were so badly used that they were unable to play any
further useful part in the battle.
Over on the other flank, General Ney and his Corps arrived in the early
afternoon and battered their way into Isserstadt. Despite a gallant and
hard fought defence, eventually the French owned the town. However, as
they attempted to exploit this victory they were met with massed musket
and artillery fire that halted them. With our cavalry constantly menacing
them they formed square and were pummelled mercilessly for several hours.
The effect of all this was to put a dog leg in the French attack line
around the village of Kotscau as their left was held, but the centre and
right made slow progress. I could see an opportunity for my army to do
more than just hold the French, and sent urgent word to Generalleutnant
von Ruechel to bring his forces up as a matter of urgency. I felt that,
if I could quickly bring them on line, then I could use them to launch
a strike into the French line that would break it at its crooked point
and split it asunder. von ruechel and von Zeschwitz would then be able
to exploit deep into the French rear and roll them up. With this in mind,
I knew that I had to hold the French attention firmly in the centre and
keep him closely engaged. Reluctantly I looked to Generalmajor von Tauentzein
and his gallant men who had so valiantly bought us the time we needed
as the mornings early sun fought its way through the mists. With
nary a backward glance his whole division moved forward to support von
Grawerts beleagured troops and stiffen the line.
And just in time too. As von Tauentzein took position the Corsicans
Guard appeared through the smoke and mist of battle moving straight towards
him. If his lads had not answered my call the French would have burst
through and all would have been lost. Confident of their martial valour
the French came on, only to be met by the resolute vollies of our soldiers.
The Guard staggered but still came on. Another volley decimated their
ranks and forced them to halt. For some of these Frenchmen our Prussian
fire was too much and they broke, running for the rear and safety. Guardsmen
indeed! Not a match for Your Majestys Musketeers. I knew that this
was our moment, the moment when we could inflict the crushing blow and
looked for von Ruechel. As I peered away to the south west an exhausted
courier reached me to inform me that the division was delayed and would
only reach me in about 30 to 40 minutes. With darkness gathering the fighting
dwindled.
Majesty. We hold the field and had inflicted grievous harm on the enemy.
If luck had been with us I know we could have inflicted a crushing and
humiliating defeat on the enemy. Perhaps God has denied me this victory
to teach me humility, and I surrender myself to His Will. I remain here
on the heights above Jena and await your further commands.
I am, as always Sire, Your Obedient servant
Hohenlohe
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